Sunscreen

Regular sunscreen use reduces skin cancer risk but does not affect overall mortality.

• Sunscreen lowers the risk of skin cancers like squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma by 30-50%, but studies show it has no significant impact on all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.94).
• Complete sun avoidance may nearly double mortality rates compared to those with the highest sun exposure, possibly due to reduced vitamin D levels or other benefits of sunlight.
• Moderate sun exposure is linked to reduced cardiovascular mortality and other health benefits, especially in Northern European populations.
• A balanced approach—moderate sunlight combined with appropriate sunscreen use—appears optimal for long-term health.
• The relationship between sun exposure, sunscreen use, and overall mortality is complex and influenced by factors like skin type, location, and sun habits.